第60节

    inoussuessofthe

    jesuits.theyspecialisedineducation.theygavetheir

    teachersastthhgoingeducationbeforetheyallowed

    theotalktoasinglepupil.theylivedhtheirstudents

    aeredintotheirgas.theyh

    tendercare.andasaresulttheyraisedaneionof

    faithfulsooktheirreligiousdutiesasseriously

    asthepeopleoftheearlyddleages.

    theshres,hoealltheirefforts

    upontheeducationofthepoor.theyehepalaces

    oftheghtyandbeperors

    andkings.ayouwillseeforyourself

    ellyouaboutthethirtyyearsbefore

    thisterribleandfinaloutbreakiousfanaticisagreat

    nyotherthingshadhappened.

    charlesvanyandaustriahadbee

    tohisbrotherferdinand.allhisotherpossessions,spainand

    theherlandsandtheindiesandaricahadgoohis

    sonphilip.philiphesonofcharlesandapuese

    princessusintoherohe

    childrenthatareboofsuiooberather

    queer.thesonofphilip,theunfortunatedonurdered

    afterhhisohers,razy.

    philipquitecrazy,buthiszealforthehbordered

    closelyupiousinsanity.hebelievedthatheavenhad

    appointedhisohesavioursofnkind.therefore,

    ajestys

    vieedhielfahehunrad

    stbeexternatedlesthisexalerruptthesoulsof

    hispiousneighbours.

    spain,ofurse,ry.allthegoldand

    silverofthehecastilianandaragonian

    treasuries.butspainsufferedfrocuriouse

    nocdisease.herpeasantsenand

    evenharderen.butthebetterclassesintained

    asupreforanyforflabour,outsideof

    eloyntinthearoavyorthecivilservice.asfor

    theors,riousartisans,theyhad

    beendrivenoutoftheuntrylongbefore.asaresult,spain,

    thetreasurechestoftheainedapooruntrybecause

    allherneyhadtobesentabroadinexgeforthe

    aheecessitiesoflifehespaniards

    negleselves.

    philip,rulerofthestpoionofthe

    sixteeury,dependedforhisrevenueupoaxes

    rcialbeehiveof

    theherlands.buttheseflengsanddutwere

    devotedfollohedoesoflutherandcalvin

    andtheyhadagesandholy

    paintingsandtheyhadinfordthepopethattheyno

    lardedhistheirshepherdbutinteofollow

    thediandsoftheir

    neranslatedbible.

    thisplacedthekinginaverydifficultposition.heuld

    notpossiblytoleratetheheresiesofhisdutts,but

    heheirney.ifheallotobeprotestants

    andtooknoasurestosavetheirsoulshein

    hisdutytotheinquisitiontotheherlands

    andbuedhissubjectsatthestake,hehe

    greaterpartofhisine.

    beinganofuainatedalong

    ti.hetriedkindnessandstenessandprosesand

    threats.thehollandersreinedobstinate,andntio

    singpsalandlistentothesernsoftheirlutheranand

    calvinistpreachers.philipinhisdespairsenthis``nof

    iron,thedukeofalba,tthesehardenedsio

    ter.albabeganbydecapitatingthoseleaders

    theuntrybeforehisarrival.intheyear1572

    thesayearthatthefrenchprotestantleaderswereall

    killeddurierriblenightofsaintbartholow,he

    attaassacredtheinhabitants

    asanexalefortheothers.theyearhelaidsiege

    tothetoanufacturierofholland.

    anallprovihenorthe

    herlandshadfordadefensiveunion,thesocalledunion

    ofutrean

    princeperor

    yandasnderof

    theirfreebootingsailors,hebeggarsof

    thesea.,tosaveleyden,cutthedykes,createda

    shallohetohthehelpofa

    strangelyequippednavynsistingofsed

    bargeshroughthe

    duntiltheyreaitywalls.

    itethatanaroftheinvinciblespanish

    kinghadsufferedsuchahuliati.itsurprisedthe

    ukden,intherussian

    japaneseioestant

    poeansfor

    thepurposeofnqueringhisrebellioussubjects.hehired

    apoorhalfurderof

    e.butthesightoftheirdeadleaderdidnthe

    sevenprovihebr>

    furiouslyangry.intheyear1581,theestatesgehe

    etingoftherepresentativesofthesevenprovina

    togetheratthehagueandstsolelyabjuredtheir

    ``selvesassudtheburden

    ofsntyhusfarhadbeeedintheir

    ``kingbythegraceofgod.

    thisisaveryiortaioryofthegreat

    struggleforpoliticalliberty.itephreached

    chfurtherthantheuprisingofthenoblesh

    thesigningofthegnacarta.thesegoherssaid

    ``betsthereisasilentuanding

    thatbothsidesshallperforertainservidshall

    regaindefiies.ifeitherpartyfailstolive

    uptothisntract,theotherhastherighttoer

    hearisubjectsofkinggeeiiiin

    theyear1776ilarnclusion.buttheyhadthree

    thousandlesofobetselvesandtheirruler

    aatesgeooktheirdecisioa

    slohincaseofdefeathinhearingofthespanish

    gunsandalthoughinnstantfearofanavengingspanish

    fleet.

    thestoriesaboutasteriousspanishfleetthatonquer

    bothhollandandenglaantqueen

    elizabethhadsuee

    ...